Art and politics may seem like two separate worlds, but they have been intertwined time and again. Art plays a key role in carving public opinion, challenging establishment, and fostering unity amongst the people of a nation. In India’s political scene, art has had a profound influence, be it the freedom movement or the modern-day protests.
From the murals on city walls to the satirical cartoons in newspapers, art has the power to inspire, invoke, and sometimes even ignite revolutionary movements. But how exactly does art play a role in politics? Let’s explore the fascinating ways in which creativity molds the political landscape
1. Fueling National Movements
Art has always remained at the forefront of change and revolution. During India’s freedom struggle, symbols like ‘Bharat Mata’ and songs like ‘Vande Mataram’ were central to the movement of independence from British Rule. Abanindranath Tagore’s iconic painting of Bharat Mata embodied the nation’s spirit, while Bankim Chandra Chatterjee’s hymn Vande Mataram became an anthem of resistance. It helped unite people across diverse backgrounds and cultures against British rule. Art proved to become a common language in a country where language and dialects change every 100 kms. Those were also the times when words alone were unable to inspire unity.
2. Art as a Form of Satire
Art is a powerful tool for criticizing political power. Art as a form of satire allows artists to criticize political leaders or policies without directly attacking them. It helps in an environment where freedom of speech is restricted. Satirical art uses humor and exaggeration to make a serious statement, encouraging people to think more critically about political issues. Faiz Ahmed Faiz’s poem “Hum Dekhenge” was written during Pakistan’s oppressive regime. Years later, it found relevance in Indian protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA). Through art, people expressed discontent and called for justice, revealing art’s ability to question authority while encouraging political dialogue.
3. Establishing Cultural & Political Identity
Art helps to build cultural and political identity, especially in countries with deep cultural diversity like India. The use of cultural symbols, like the national anthem, flag, and even monuments such as the Amar Jawan Jyoti, unite citizens by giving them a shared sense of belonging. Artists played a significant role in establishing the visual identity of the new republic after India’s independence, helping craft a sense of pride and unity.
4. Propaganda in Political Agendas
Art can also be used to support political agendas through propaganda. During the Emergency in India (1975-77), the government used media and film to present a positive image of the regime. Similar uses of art can be seen today, where political parties commission mural & poster artists, and even songwriters to promote their messages. However, these are not always welcomed and can lead to debates about the role of art in supporting versus challenging authority.
5. Protesting Social and Political Injustices
Modern Indian protests have continued using art as a tool for activism. One vivid example is the use of street art and graffiti in protests against the CAA and NRC. Graffiti artist Akhlaq Ahmad’s works in Delhi became iconic in these movements. Art amplifies voices and brings attention to causes, making political issues more accessible and relatable to the general public.
6. Art as a Platform for Diverse Voices
Art serves as a platform for marginalized voices, providing them a way to speak truth to power. Indigenous art forms like Warli painting or Madhubani have been revitalized to comment on contemporary socio-political issues. These art forms remind us that art can democratize political conversations, and bring the perspectives of underrepresented communities by putting them under the spotlight.
7. Social Media and Political Art
In today’s Digital Age, the internet and social media has enhanced the role of art in politics. Digital art, memes, and video content have become potent tools for political commentary. For instance, during recent farmers’ protests in India, artists across the country created posters, cartoons, and songs that went viral on social media platforms like Instagram and Twitter. The rapid spread of such content shows how art in the digital age can mobilize people quickly and globally.
Conclusion:
Art and politics have an inseparable relationship, one that shapes and challenges society. Whether it’s driving movements, critiquing establishment, or fostering national identity, art transcends mere aesthetics. It is a powerful political tool. As India continues to face new social and political challenges, art will remain a key force behind inspiring dialogue and driving change. Embracing creativity and expression can help bridge the gap, making art a cornerstone of any democratic society.
By nurturing artists and their ability to express freely, our nation can ensure that political art remains a vibrant source of self-reflection, dissent, and ultimately, progress of the society.
